Istochnik: Wikipedia. Stranitsy: 30. Glavy: Napster, BitTorrent, Magnet-ssylka, I2P, Opera Unite, Fai loobmennaya set, EDonkey2000, Direct Connect, Odnorangovaya set, Advanced Direct Connect, Kademlia, Friend-to-friend, WiPeer, PtokaX, Ares Galaxy, TorrentPier, Kad Network, FastTrack, .i2p, Qnext, Verlihub, RShare, Seedbox, Soulseek, Licher, Rodi, BeShare, Overnet, Servent, P2P-Next, JXTA, OpenFT. Vyderzhka: BitT rrent (bukv. angl. bitovyi potok ) - piringovyi (P2P) setevoi protokol dlya kooperativnogo obmena fai lami cherez Internet. Fai ly peredayut sya chastyami, kazhdyi torrent-klient, poluchaya (skachivaya) eti chasti, v to zhe vremya otdae t (zakachivaet) ikh drugim klientam, chto snizhaet nagruzku i zavisimost ot kazhdogo klienta-istochnika i obespechivaet izbytochnost dannykh. Protokol byl sozdan B emom Koenom, napisavshim pervyi torrent-klient BitTorrent na yazyke Python 4 aprelya 2001 goda. Zapusk pervoi versii sostoyalsya 2 iyulya 2001 goda. Sushchestvuet mnozhestvo drugikh programm-klientov dlya obmena fai lami po protokolu BitTorrent. Fai l metadannykh yavlyaet sya slovare m v bencode formate s rasshireniem .torrent - soderzhit informatsiyu o razdache (fai lakh, trekerakh i dr.) Printsip raboty BitTorrent: nagruzka na rasprostranitelya fai la umen shaet sya blagodarya tomu, chto klienty nachinayut obmenivat sya dannymi srazu zhe, dazhe yesli fai l ne dokachan imi do kontsa.Pered nachalom skachivaniya klient podsoedinyaet sya k trekeru po adresu, ukazannomu v torrent-fai le, soobshchaet yemu svoi adres i khesh-summu torrent-fai la, na chto v otvet klient poluchaet adresa drugikh klientov, skachivayushchikh ili razdayushchikh etot zhe fai l. Dalyee klient periodicheski informiruet treker o khode protsessa i poluchaet obnovle nnyi spisok adresov. Etot protsess nazyvaet sya ob yavleniem (angl. ). Klienty soedinyayut sya drug s drugom i obmenivayut sya segmentami fai lov bez neposredstvennogo uchastiya trekera, kotoryi lish khranit info...